Nadezhda Ilyina (Надежда Ильина) (born 14 January, 1949) is a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres.

Ilyina trained at Dynamo in Moscow. She competed for Soviet Union in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Canada in the 4 x 400 metres where she won the bronze medal with her team mates Inta Klimovica, Lyudmila Aksenova and Natalya Sokolova. She is the mother of Russian tennis star Nadia Petrova.